Category: Properties Of Steam And Steam Generators

There are a number of models of boiler having different industrial applications. Boiler can be classified on the following basis: On the basis of contents inside the tube, boilers can be classified as fire tube boilers and water tube boilers. In fire tube boilers, flue gas passes through the tube and the heat of flue gas is absorbed… Continue reading Classification of Boilers

Steam generators are combination of apparatus, which are used in power generation and supply of steam in various plants. Its main purpose is to transfer the heat produced by fuel to water; water is converted into different types of steam as per requirements, such as wet steam, saturated steam, and superheated steam. Steam generator is… Continue reading STEAM GENERATORS/BOILERS

Mollier diagram is a graph between enthalpy and entropy. Various properties of steam can be shown graphically on this diagram. Natures of various lines are shown in Figure 4.9. A complete Mollier diagram is shown in Appendix I at the end of this book. Figure 4.9 Mollier Diagram

The properties of steam are pressure, temperature, volume, enthalpy, entropy, and internal energy. These values are determined experimentally and tabulated as steam table. Separate steam tables for saturated and superheated are used. If the temperature of steam is more than the saturation temperature it is known as superheated steam and the temperature difference of saturated… Continue reading STEAM TABLE

A pure separating calorimeter suffers from a disadvantage that the steam passing out after water separation may not be completely dry or it may have higher dryness faction. Only in throttling calorimeter a high dryness fraction (93%) can be found. Thus, a combined separating and throttling calorimeter may be used to measure the dryness fraction… Continue reading SEPARATING AND THROTTLING CALORIMETER

Throttling calorimeter is a device used in determination of dryness fraction of steam. There is a sampling tube which is placed in steam main pipe. It consists of a hole facing upstream to get sample steam. The steam passes through the throttle valve and then flows into the inner cylinder. The main condition is that… Continue reading THROTTLING CALORIMETER

At 0°C 0°C to Saturation Temperature For Complete Transformation of Steam   hfg = hg – hf = (ug – uf) + P (Vg – Vf) kJ/kg Wet Steam Wet steam contains partly water as suspended in it and partly steam. Dryness Fraction Dryness fraction is defined as the mass of dry steam per kg of wet steam. It is represented by x. Enthalpy   h = xhg + (1… Continue reading Enthalpy Change in Generation of Steam from 0°C

Steam is gaseous form of water and ice. When heat applied to ice at 0°C is equal to latent heat of fusion plus sensible heat from 0°C to 100°C plus latent heat of vaporization, ice is transformed into steam. Three variables that are very important are pressure, temperature, and volume. At constant pressure, variation in… Continue reading FORMATION OF STEAM AT CONSTANT PRESSURE

Steam is a gaseous form of water which has a large number of industrial applications. Steam is widely used for power generation purpose. Also, it has applications in chemical, leather and other industries. Most of the nuclear and thermal power plan use steam to run the turbines and finally to generate electrical power. Therefore, all… Continue reading INTRODUCTION