Author: Muhammad Ahmad

ISO, the International Standards Organization, is a worldwide program that was founded in 1947 to promote the development of international manufacturing, trade, and communication standards. The initial focus of body with representatives from all industrialized nations. ISO membership includes over 100 countries. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is the US counterpart and representative to… Continue reading ISO 9000 and 14000

United States environmental law concerns legal standards to protect human health and improve the natural environment of the United States. While subject to criticism at home and abroad on issues of protection, enforcement, and over‐regulation, the country remains an important source of environmental legal expertise and experience. Scope The United States Congress has enacted federal… Continue reading United States Environmental Law

India’s economic development propelled by rapid industrial growth and urbanization is causing severe environmental problems that have local, regional, and global significance. Deforestation, soil erosion, water pollution, and land degradation continue to worsen and are hindering economic development in rural India, while the rapid industrialization and urbanization in India’s booming metropolizes are straining the limits… Continue reading Emerging Environmental Challenges

The extent of the environmental legislation network is evident from the above discussion, but the enforcement of the laws has been a matter of concern. One commonly cited reason is the prevailing command and control nature of the environmental regime. Coupled with this is the prevalence of all or nothing approach of the law; they… Continue reading An Assessment of the Legal and Regulatory Framework for Environmental Protection in India

India is signatory to a number of multilateral environment agreements (MEA) and conventions. An overview of some of the major MEAs and India’s obligations under these is presented below. This issue is discussed in the Section 2.9.4 in Chapter 2. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), of Wild Fauna and Flora, 1973 The aim of… Continue reading International Agreements on Environmental Issues

There are several legislations that directly or indirectly deal with hazardous waste. The relevant legislations are the Factories Act, 1948, the Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991, the National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995, and some notifications under the Environmental Protection Act of 1986. A brief description of each of these is given in the following. Under… Continue reading Hazardous Wastes

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (USEPA) This Act is an umbrella legislation designed to provide a framework for the coordination of central and state authorities established under the Water (Prevention and Control) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Control) Act, 1981. Under this Act, the central government is empowered to take measures necessary to protect and improve… Continue reading General

Water Water quality standards especially those for drinking water are set by the Indian Council of Medical Research. These bear close resemblance to WHO standards. The discharge of industrial effluents is regulated by the Indian Standard Codes, and recently water quality standards for coastal water marine outfalls have also been specified. In addition to the… Continue reading Legislation for Environmental Protection in India

Introduction Over the years, together with a spreading of environmental consciousness, there has been a change in the traditionally held perception that there is a trade‐off between environmental quality and economic growth as people have come to believe that the two are necessarily complementary. The current focus on environment is not new environmental considerations have… Continue reading The Legal and Regulatory Framework for Environmental Protection in India

It is well known that the United Nations Conference in Stockholm on the human environment is a landmark milestone at the international arena for the protection of the deteriorating environment. The conference laid emphasis on the need that man’s capabilities to transform his surroundings must be wisely used. Wrong and unwise use can do incalculable… Continue reading International Law