Author: Haroon Khalil

Lathe is an oldest machine tool. The entire machine tools are developed from the lathe, therefore it is also known as mother of machine tools. A number of cutting operations can be performed on lathe with or without some attachments. On lathe, a rotational motion is provided to the job and translational motion is provided…

Orthogonal cutting is a machining process in which the cutting edge of the tool is kept perpendicular to the direction of the tool travel (Figure 19.3). But, in oblique cutting, the cutting edge of the tool is inclined at some acute angle to the direction of the tool travel. There are some fundamental differences in…

The different view of single point cutting tool is shown in Figure 19.2. According to ASA (American Standard Association) there are seven parameters of tool geometry as mentioned below as   αb, αs, βe, βs, θe, θs, R   where αb is the back rake angle; αs, side rake angle; βe, end clearance angle; βs, side clearance angle; θe, end cutting edge angle; θs, side cutting edge angle; R, nose radius.…

Various types of chips, which are formed in various cutting conditions and type of machining, can be categorized as follows: Figure 19.1 Types of Chip Formation in Metal Cutting Continuous Chip: Continuous chip, as shown in Figure 19.1(a), is formed due to Discontinuous Chip: Discontinuous chip, as shown in Figure 19.1 (b), is formed due to Continuous Chip with Built-up (BUP) Edge: Continuous…

The removal of extra material from a metal surface by shearing or cutting action is known as machining or metal cutting. The cutting takes place along a plane, which is known as shear plane. There is a cutting zone; if it is examined carefully we find that the severe plastic deformation occurs in this zone…

Machine tools that give a shape to parts/products by removing metal chips from a workpiece include lathes, shapers and planers, drilling machines, boring machines, milling machines, grinders, etc. Before the Industrial Revolution of the 18th century, hand tools were used to cut and shape materials for the production of goods such as cooking utensils, wagons,…