Author: Haroon Khalil

Before starting to quarry, the quarry location has to be decided based on the following factors:

Quarrying is the process by which stones are obtained from rock beds. Quarry is the place from where the stone is obtained. Quarrying differs from mining in which various operations are carried out for exploring minerals such as coal, quartzite, etc. from a mine under the ground.

Granite Granite is used for stone columns, road metal, ballast for railways, bridge components, etc. It is found in Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Assam, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Sandstone Sandstone is used for building and ornamental purposes and also as road metal. It is available in Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan,…

Common building stones are used for the following purposes:

Different civil engineering constructions use stone. It is necessary to find their suitability under different conditions. The following properties need to be examined before their use: 2.3.1 Appearance and Colour Stones must look good in appearance and be of uniform colour. Such a quality is essential for stones to be used for decoration work. Light-coloured…

The presence of chemical constituents in the rocks is the basis for their type of classification. They are as follows: (i) Siliceous Rocks In these rocks silica is the main constituent. The presence of silica in the free state is called sand, and in the combined state is a silicate. Rocks containing silica in the…

The basis for such a classification is the physical properties of rocks, the manner and arrangement of different particles and mass forming a stone. They are classified as follows: (i) Stratified Rocks Stratified structure is formed due to the splitting of a series of parallel layers of sedimentary rocks. They exhibit distinct layers which can…

According to the geological classification, rocks are subdivided into three large groups, viz., igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks.

The origin and conditions of rock formation predetermine their chemical and mineralogical composition, crystalline structure and texture. These characteristics, underlying the strength and decorative properties of rocks, are the starting point for the engineering and economic evaluation of rocks for various structures of buildings and installations. The three major classifications are based on the following…

The earth’s crust is composed of rocks. Rock is a mineral mass of a more or less uniform composition. It may consist of a single mineral (monomineralic) or of several minerals (polymineralic). A mineral is a natural body, homogeneous in chemical composition and physical properties. Further minerals are the products of physical and chemical processes…