Author: Haroon Khalil

Brick lintels are used for short spans up to 1 m with light loadings. Brick lintels generally consist of bricks laid on end points or edges (Fig. 19.9). Figure 19.9 Brick lintel Brick lintels are constructed over temporary wooden supports. Bricks with frogs are generally preferred as they form juggles when bounded. Such construction possesses more…

Basically stone lintels are preferred in places where stone is available in abundance. Further, stone lintels are to be adopted in places where stone masonry is used and in buildings where stone facing is used. Stone lintels consist of slabs of stones which may be one or more pieces. Stone lintels are not recommended for…

Wooden lintels are the oldest type of lintels. It is even now used in areas where timber is abundantly available. However, the risk of using wooden lintels is that they are susceptible to catch fire and liable to decay by rot or termite. Single piece of timber is used for smaller spans. For larger spans,…

Based on the type of material used, lintels are classified as follows: See this Next Lecture Step by Step=>

The purpose of providing a lintel is just the same as that of an arch. Lintels take the load of the wall above the opening and transfer to the walls. The effective load causing on a lintel is shown in Fig. 19.7. The lintels are easy and simple in construction and do not need special…

A lintel is a horizontal structural member placed to span openings for doors, windows and corridors. Lintels are usually rectangular in shape. Lintels may be made out of several materials such as wood, stone, brick, reinforced brickwork, RCC or rolled steel sections embedded in cement concrete. Reinforced cement concrete lintels are mostly used these days…

Sandbox method may be followed, which permits removal of centring without any shock. Releasing of wedges in order may also be followed. Whatever may be the material used for centring, the design should be proper such that the centring is lowered with ease and without any shock.

Skewbacks at the springing of the arch are prepared first and placed very carefully in the correct angles. Voussoirs are then laid on either side of the crown. In case of brick arch, bricks may be placed as showing stretcher-face or header-face. More than one ring may be used. Joints are to be filled with…

Arches are generally built over a centring made to the shape of the arch needed. The centring is a temporary structure which has to support the arch till it develops strengths. For small spans, mud masonry is used. The masonry is made to the shape of the soffit of the arch to be built and…

Construction of arches is done under the following three operations: